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H. JAPY & 0. HELMER. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 485,347. Patented Nov. 1, 1892.

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' H. JAP-Y 8: 0. HBLMER.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 485,347. Patented Nov. 1, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRI JAPY, OF BEAUCOURT, AND OSCAR HELMER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. d85,347, dated November 1, 1892.

Application filed March 22, 1892- Serial No. 425,929. (No model.) Patented in Belgium June 12, 1891 No. 95,240 i in France September 28, 1891, No. 216,393, and in England February 22, 1892, No. 3,443.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRI J APY, manufacturer, residing at Beaucourt, and OSCAR HELMER, electrician, residing at Paris,in the Republic of France, have invented a new Electric Lamp, of which the following is a specification.

The said invention has been patented in France by Patent No. 216,393,.dated September 28,1891; in Belgium by Patent No. 95,240, dated June 12, 1891, and in Great Britain by Patent No. 3,443, dated February 22, 1892.

The present invention. relates to the construction of differential-arc lamps designed to operate in circuit with either a continuous or an alternating current generator.

According to our invention the feed of the carbons is effected at very short intervals by a novel arrangement of clockwork feed mechanism. The carbons are suspended at opposite ends of a chain or equivalent flexible suspensory, so that the carbons are caused to simultaneously approach and recede from each other and the focal point of the light is fixed. The movement of the clock train, which is pivoted in line with the axis of the actuating motor-wheel, is effected differentially by the action of the current in two solenoids, one connected in the main circuitincluding the carbons and having a low-resistance coil, and the other connected in derivation and having a high-resistance coil. The carbon-carriers are guided by upright rods. These are made rigid by means of a brace which supports the globe, which may be of small dimensions, owing to the invariable position of the arc, and has the advantage of concentrating the light and protecting the supporting-rods from sparks or dust projected from the carbons.

Many of the elements of our improved regulating mechanism have been severally used or proposed for use heretofore; but our invention consists in novel combinaton-s of devices, whereby great simplicity and certainty of action are secured, a very small movement of the solenoid-cores suffices to produce an arc in starting the light, and whereby a positive and nicely-regulated movement is imparted to the carbons at short intervals, producing a steady light of practically-uniform intensity.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side view of the improved lamp. Fig. 2 is a front elevation partly in section. Fig. 1 is an enlarged detail illustrating the operation of the clock-movement; Fig. 1 a detail of a detent that may be used to disengage the clockwork in place of the screws shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail of the lower part of the hollow standard m. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the lamp. Fig. 4 is an elevation, partly in section, illustrating a modified arrangement of the lower carbon-carrier; and Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the electrical circuits and connections.

S S represent solenoids, the former wound with fine wire and the latter with coarse wire. Solenoid S is placed in a derived circuit and S in the main circuit, as shown in Fig. 5. These solenoids rest upon a base-plate P, from which they are insulated. To said plate are also attached the hollow rods m m, which support and guide the carbon-carriers.

B is a balance-beam centrally pivoted at O in ears of plate A and carrying at its ends the soft-iron cores N N of the solenoids S S.

M represents the parallel side frames of the clock-movement, said frame being pivoted by means of the screws h, Figs. 2 and 3, in the standards H, which rest upon but are insulated from plate P.

R represents a sprocket-wheel turning on the axis 1, which is the axis of oscillation of the entire clock-movement. This wheel, herein termed the motor-wheel, actuates a chain Og, from the ends of which are suspended the upper carbon-carrier G and the lower carrier G, the latter being provided with rods g, which slide in the hollow standards m m About midway of these standards is the crossbrace W, fixed thereon, as shown, and serving to give rigidity to these standards and prevent their spreading. tutes the support for the globe W, which is attached thereto in any suitable way.

10 p are the sockets or holders for the bons O G.

The arrangement of the carbon carriers Brace W constimay be such as shown in Fig. i, in which the rods g, to which the lower carrier G is attached, are maintained concentrically in the tubular rodsm'm' by smallguide-pins y. One of the rods 9' is also guided at the lower end of tube 0% by means of a contactspring 2, through which electrical connection is made.

E represents the anchor escapement or other equivalent escapement of the clocktrain. per end has a serrated surface, which when in contact with the point of screw V is held stationary. The point of screw V may be of ivory or other insulating material, as at I, Fig. 1 or of insulated metal, as shown at I. An equivalent arrangement is shown in Fig. 1, in which the end of the escapemeut lever is engaged by a comb a, attached to (but insulated from) plate A.

To the beam B, on one side of the fulcrum, is jointed by a pin C a connecting-rod C, the lower end of which is pivoted by pin 0 to an angle-plate Q, screwed to the frame M of the clock-movement. (See Figs. 1 and 8.) By this connection the clock-movement is turned on the center 4 when beam 13 oscillates.

13' represents a spring tending to draw down the right-hand end, Figs. 2 and 5, and to hold the escapement E in engagement with its arresting device.

In Fig. 2 a flexible conductor 10 is shown connecting the rod m with the lower carboncarrier G.

To explain fully the operation, reference is now made to Fig. 5, which represents the system in diagram, the carbons being separated. The current entering by post I) traverses the solenoid S, having the fine-wire coil, and departs by post 1). At this moment the coreN is drawn down, depressing that end of lever 13. Since leverB is connected with the clock-move ment by the means described, which are represented in the diagram simply by the rod t, the clock-movement is lowered and caused to turn slightly on its center r, thereby bringing the carbons into contact. As soon as this contact is established the main current traverses the coarse-wire solenoid S, which now oscillates lever B in the opposite direction, returning it to its first position, and the arc is thus established. As the carbons are consumed and the resistance of the air-space between the ends of the carbons incrcases, the current in the derived circuit containing solenoid S increases also, gradually depressing lever B until the escapement G is disengaged and the clock-movement allowed to operate and turn the motor-wheel R. The carbons are thus caused to approach but only to a very small extent, since lever B returns immediately to its normal position under the influence of solenoid S. This operation is repeated at short intervals.

The upper carbon-carrier G constitutes the motor-weight of the lamp.

As shown in Fi 5, the tension of spring B may be regulated by an adjusting-nut Q).

As shown in Figs. 1, 1, and 3, its up- We have in the drawings herein referred to described what is deemed the best embodiment of the principle of our invention; but we wish it to be understood that departures and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with the carbon-carriers and supports adapted to slide 011 vertical columns, of regulating devices comprising a low-resistance solenoid in the main circuit, a high-resistance solenoid in a derived circuit, a balance-beam to the ends of which are attached the cores of said solenoids, aseries of gear-wheels, a pivoted frame in which the arbors of said wheels are supported, a link connecting said frame and balance-beam, a stationary detent engaging an escapement-lever pivoted on said frame, a motor-wheel whose axis is concentric with the pivot of said frame, and flexible suspensories actuated by said wheel and supporting the carbon-carriers, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the sliding carboncarriers, a flexible drive-chain attached at each end to one of said carriers, a toothed motor-wheel over which said chain passes directly from said suspensories, a clock-movement geared to said wheel, a frame pivoted on the axis of said wheel and carrying said clock-movement, an escapement-lever adapted to engage a stationary serrated surface, and means, as indicated, for oscillating the frame to release and engage said escapement, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the sliding carboncarriers, the drive-chain attached at each end to one of said carriers, the toothed motorwheel over which said chain passes directly from said carriers, a clock-movement pivoted 011 the axis of said motor-wheel, a low-resistance solenoid in the main circuit, a high-resistance solenoid in a derived circuit, a bal ance-beam to the ends of which the cores of said solenoids are attached, a connection be tween said frame and balance-beam, and escapement mechanism, substantially as described.

at. The combination of the pivoted cl0ckmovement provided with escapemcnt mechanism, a toothed motor-wheel concentric with the pivot of said clock-movement, a chain passing over said motor-wheel direct to the carbon-carriers, one of which is attached to each end, a balance-beam connected to said pivoted movement, and two solenoids, one in the main circuit and one in a derived circuit, for oscillating said beam, substantially as de scribed.

5. The combination of the tubular vertical columns, an upper carbon-holder sliding exteriorly on said columns, a lower carbonholder having rods guided within said tubes, a toothed motor-wheel, a drive-chain passing over said wheel directly to said carbon-hold- In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscriblng wltnesses.

HENRI JAPY. OSCAR HELMER.

Witnesses:

ARISTIDE FAUGE, EMILE DARRYL. 

